The P2 experiment: A future high-precision measurement of the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer

Dominik Becker; Razvan Bucoveanu; Carsten Grzesik; Kathrin Imai; Ruth Kempf; Matthias Molitor; Alexey Tyukin; Marco Zimmermann; David Armstrong; Kurt Aulenbacher; Sebastian Baunack; Rakitha Beminiwattha; Niklaus Berger; Peter Bernhard; Andrea Brogna; Luigi Capozza; Silviu Covrig Dusa; Wouter Deconinck; Jürgen Diefenbach; James Dunne; Jens Erler; Ciprian Gal; Michael Gericke; Boris Gläser; Mikhail Gorchtein; Boxing Gou; Wolfgang Gradl; Yoshio Imai; Krishna S. Kumar; Frank Maas; Juliette Mammei; Jie Pan; Preeti Pandey; Kent Paschke; Ivan Perić; Mark Pitt; Sakib Rahman; Seamus Riordan; David Rodríguez Piñeiro; Concettina Sfienti; Iurii Sorokin; Paul Souder; Hubert Spiesberger; Michaela Thiel; Valery Tyukin; Quirin Weitzel

doi:10.1140/epja/i2018-12611-6

The P2 experiment: A future high-precision measurement of the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer

Dominik Becker, Razvan Bucoveanu, Carsten Grzesik, Kathrin Imai, Ruth Kempf, Matthias Molitor, Alexey Tyukin, Marco Zimmermann, David Armstrong, Kurt Aulenbacher, Sebastian Baunack, Rakitha Beminiwattha, Niklaus Berger, Peter Bernhard, Andrea Brogna, Luigi Capozza, Silviu Covrig Dusa, Wouter Deconinck, Jürgen Diefenbach, James DunneJens Erler, Ciprian Gal, Michael Gericke, Boris Gläser, Mikhail Gorchtein, Boxing Gou, Wolfgang Gradl, Yoshio Imai, Krishna S. Kumar, Frank Maas, Juliette Mammei, Jie Pan, Preeti Pandey, Kent Paschke, Ivan Perić, Mark Pitt, Sakib Rahman, Seamus Riordan, David Rodríguez Piñeiro, Concettina Sfienti, Iurii Sorokin, Paul Souder, Hubert Spiesberger, Michaela Thiel, Valery Tyukin, Quirin Weitzel

Department of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

118 Scopus citations

Abstract

We describe the research and development work for the P2 experiment which aims for a high precision determination of the weak mixing angle sin ²θ_W to a precision of 0.15% at a four-momentum transfer of 4. 5 × 10 ^{- 3} GeV². This accuracy, comparable to existing measurements at the Z pole, allows for a sensitive test of the Standard Model up to a mass scale of 50 TeV, extendable to 60 TeV. The weak mixing angle is connected to the weak charge of the proton which will be extracted from a measurement of the parity violating cross section asymmetry - 39. 94 × 10 ^{- 9} in elastic electron-proton scattering. A total accuracy of 0. 57 × 10 ^{- 9} is achievable in a measurement time of 11000 h using a 150μA polarized electron beam impinging on a 60 cm liquid hydrogen target. The P2 asymmetry is smaller than any asymmetry measured so far in electron scattering with an unprecedented goal for the accuracy. The use of a solenoid spectrometer with 100% ϕ-acceptance as well as an atomic hydrogen trap polarimeter are new features, which have never before been used in parity-violation experiments. In order to collect the enormous statistics required for this measurement, the new Mainz Energy-Recovering Superconducting Accelerator (MESA) is under construction. Plans for the associated beam control system and the polarimetry are described in this article as well. A liquid hydrogen high-power target with an extremely low noise level of 10 ppm needs to be designed and constructed. We report in addition on the conceptual design of the P2 spectrometer, its Cherenkov detectors, the integrating read-out electronics as well as the ultra-thin, fast tracking detectors. The physics program of the MESA facility comprises indirect, high precision search for physics beyond the Standard Model, measurement of the neutron distribution in nuclear physics, single-spin asymmetries, and a possible future extension to the measurement of hadronic parity violation.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	208
Journal	European Physical Journal A
Volume	54
Issue number	11
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2018-12611-6
State	Published - Nov 1 2018

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics

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10.1140/epja/i2018-12611-6

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Becker, D., Bucoveanu, R., Grzesik, C., Imai, K., Kempf, R., Molitor, M., Tyukin, A., Zimmermann, M., Armstrong, D., Aulenbacher, K., Baunack, S., Beminiwattha, R., Berger, N., Bernhard, P., Brogna, A., Capozza, L., Covrig Dusa, S., Deconinck, W., Diefenbach, J., ... Weitzel, Q. (2018). The P2 experiment: A future high-precision measurement of the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer. European Physical Journal A, 54(11), Article 208. https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2018-12611-6

Becker, D, Bucoveanu, R, Grzesik, C, Imai, K, Kempf, R, Molitor, M, Tyukin, A, Zimmermann, M, Armstrong, D, Aulenbacher, K, Baunack, S, Beminiwattha, R, Berger, N, Bernhard, P, Brogna, A, Capozza, L, Covrig Dusa, S, Deconinck, W, Diefenbach, J, Dunne, J, Erler, J, Gal, C, Gericke, M, Gläser, B, Gorchtein, M, Gou, B, Gradl, W, Imai, Y, Kumar, KS, Maas, F, Mammei, J, Pan, J, Pandey, P, Paschke, K, Perić, I, Pitt, M, Rahman, S, Riordan, S, Rodríguez Piñeiro, D, Sfienti, C, Sorokin, I, Souder, P, Spiesberger, H, Thiel, M, Tyukin, V & Weitzel, Q 2018, 'The P2 experiment: A future high-precision measurement of the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer', European Physical Journal A, vol. 54, no. 11, 208. https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2018-12611-6

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title = "The P2 experiment: A future high-precision measurement of the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer",

abstract = "We describe the research and development work for the P2 experiment which aims for a high precision determination of the weak mixing angle sin 2θW to a precision of 0.15% at a four-momentum transfer of 4. 5 × 10 - 3 GeV2. This accuracy, comparable to existing measurements at the Z pole, allows for a sensitive test of the Standard Model up to a mass scale of 50 TeV, extendable to 60 TeV. The weak mixing angle is connected to the weak charge of the proton which will be extracted from a measurement of the parity violating cross section asymmetry - 39. 94 × 10 - 9 in elastic electron-proton scattering. A total accuracy of 0. 57 × 10 - 9 is achievable in a measurement time of 11000 h using a 150μA polarized electron beam impinging on a 60 cm liquid hydrogen target. The P2 asymmetry is smaller than any asymmetry measured so far in electron scattering with an unprecedented goal for the accuracy. The use of a solenoid spectrometer with 100% ϕ-acceptance as well as an atomic hydrogen trap polarimeter are new features, which have never before been used in parity-violation experiments. In order to collect the enormous statistics required for this measurement, the new Mainz Energy-Recovering Superconducting Accelerator (MESA) is under construction. Plans for the associated beam control system and the polarimetry are described in this article as well. A liquid hydrogen high-power target with an extremely low noise level of 10 ppm needs to be designed and constructed. We report in addition on the conceptual design of the P2 spectrometer, its Cherenkov detectors, the integrating read-out electronics as well as the ultra-thin, fast tracking detectors. The physics program of the MESA facility comprises indirect, high precision search for physics beyond the Standard Model, measurement of the neutron distribution in nuclear physics, single-spin asymmetries, and a possible future extension to the measurement of hadronic parity violation.",

author = "Dominik Becker and Razvan Bucoveanu and Carsten Grzesik and Kathrin Imai and Ruth Kempf and Matthias Molitor and Alexey Tyukin and Marco Zimmermann and David Armstrong and Kurt Aulenbacher and Sebastian Baunack and Rakitha Beminiwattha and Niklaus Berger and Peter Bernhard and Andrea Brogna and Luigi Capozza and {Covrig Dusa}, Silviu and Wouter Deconinck and J{\"u}rgen Diefenbach and James Dunne and Jens Erler and Ciprian Gal and Michael Gericke and Boris Gl{\"a}ser and Mikhail Gorchtein and Boxing Gou and Wolfgang Gradl and Yoshio Imai and Kumar, {Krishna S.} and Frank Maas and Juliette Mammei and Jie Pan and Preeti Pandey and Kent Paschke and Ivan Peri{\'c} and Mark Pitt and Sakib Rahman and Seamus Riordan and {Rodr{\'i}guez Pi{\~n}eiro}, David and Concettina Sfienti and Iurii Sorokin and Paul Souder and Hubert Spiesberger and Michaela Thiel and Valery Tyukin and Quirin Weitzel",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018, SIF, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.",

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doi = "10.1140/epja/i2018-12611-6",

language = "English (US)",

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T2 - A future high-precision measurement of the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer

AU - Becker, Dominik

AU - Bucoveanu, Razvan

AU - Grzesik, Carsten

AU - Imai, Kathrin

AU - Kempf, Ruth

AU - Molitor, Matthias

AU - Tyukin, Alexey

AU - Zimmermann, Marco

AU - Armstrong, David

AU - Aulenbacher, Kurt

AU - Baunack, Sebastian

AU - Beminiwattha, Rakitha

AU - Berger, Niklaus

AU - Bernhard, Peter

AU - Brogna, Andrea

AU - Capozza, Luigi

AU - Covrig Dusa, Silviu

AU - Deconinck, Wouter

AU - Diefenbach, Jürgen

AU - Dunne, James

AU - Erler, Jens

AU - Gal, Ciprian

AU - Gericke, Michael

AU - Gläser, Boris

AU - Gorchtein, Mikhail

AU - Gou, Boxing

AU - Gradl, Wolfgang

AU - Imai, Yoshio

AU - Kumar, Krishna S.

AU - Maas, Frank

AU - Mammei, Juliette

AU - Pan, Jie

AU - Pandey, Preeti

AU - Paschke, Kent

AU - Perić, Ivan

AU - Pitt, Mark

AU - Rahman, Sakib

AU - Riordan, Seamus

AU - Rodríguez Piñeiro, David

AU - Sfienti, Concettina

AU - Sorokin, Iurii

AU - Souder, Paul

AU - Spiesberger, Hubert

AU - Thiel, Michaela

AU - Tyukin, Valery

AU - Weitzel, Quirin

PY - 2018/11/1

Y1 - 2018/11/1

N2 - We describe the research and development work for the P2 experiment which aims for a high precision determination of the weak mixing angle sin 2θW to a precision of 0.15% at a four-momentum transfer of 4. 5 × 10 - 3 GeV2. This accuracy, comparable to existing measurements at the Z pole, allows for a sensitive test of the Standard Model up to a mass scale of 50 TeV, extendable to 60 TeV. The weak mixing angle is connected to the weak charge of the proton which will be extracted from a measurement of the parity violating cross section asymmetry - 39. 94 × 10 - 9 in elastic electron-proton scattering. A total accuracy of 0. 57 × 10 - 9 is achievable in a measurement time of 11000 h using a 150μA polarized electron beam impinging on a 60 cm liquid hydrogen target. The P2 asymmetry is smaller than any asymmetry measured so far in electron scattering with an unprecedented goal for the accuracy. The use of a solenoid spectrometer with 100% ϕ-acceptance as well as an atomic hydrogen trap polarimeter are new features, which have never before been used in parity-violation experiments. In order to collect the enormous statistics required for this measurement, the new Mainz Energy-Recovering Superconducting Accelerator (MESA) is under construction. Plans for the associated beam control system and the polarimetry are described in this article as well. A liquid hydrogen high-power target with an extremely low noise level of 10 ppm needs to be designed and constructed. We report in addition on the conceptual design of the P2 spectrometer, its Cherenkov detectors, the integrating read-out electronics as well as the ultra-thin, fast tracking detectors. The physics program of the MESA facility comprises indirect, high precision search for physics beyond the Standard Model, measurement of the neutron distribution in nuclear physics, single-spin asymmetries, and a possible future extension to the measurement of hadronic parity violation.

AB - We describe the research and development work for the P2 experiment which aims for a high precision determination of the weak mixing angle sin 2θW to a precision of 0.15% at a four-momentum transfer of 4. 5 × 10 - 3 GeV2. This accuracy, comparable to existing measurements at the Z pole, allows for a sensitive test of the Standard Model up to a mass scale of 50 TeV, extendable to 60 TeV. The weak mixing angle is connected to the weak charge of the proton which will be extracted from a measurement of the parity violating cross section asymmetry - 39. 94 × 10 - 9 in elastic electron-proton scattering. A total accuracy of 0. 57 × 10 - 9 is achievable in a measurement time of 11000 h using a 150μA polarized electron beam impinging on a 60 cm liquid hydrogen target. The P2 asymmetry is smaller than any asymmetry measured so far in electron scattering with an unprecedented goal for the accuracy. The use of a solenoid spectrometer with 100% ϕ-acceptance as well as an atomic hydrogen trap polarimeter are new features, which have never before been used in parity-violation experiments. In order to collect the enormous statistics required for this measurement, the new Mainz Energy-Recovering Superconducting Accelerator (MESA) is under construction. Plans for the associated beam control system and the polarimetry are described in this article as well. A liquid hydrogen high-power target with an extremely low noise level of 10 ppm needs to be designed and constructed. We report in addition on the conceptual design of the P2 spectrometer, its Cherenkov detectors, the integrating read-out electronics as well as the ultra-thin, fast tracking detectors. The physics program of the MESA facility comprises indirect, high precision search for physics beyond the Standard Model, measurement of the neutron distribution in nuclear physics, single-spin asymmetries, and a possible future extension to the measurement of hadronic parity violation.

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The P2 experiment: A future high-precision measurement of the weak mixing angle at low momentum transfer

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