The balance between adhesion and contraction during cell division

The ability to divide is a fundamental property of a living cell. The 3D orientation of cell division is essential for embryogenesis, maintenance of tissue organization and architecture, as well as controlling cell fate. Much attention has been placed on the mitotic spindle's role in placing itself along the cell's longest axis, where a shape sensing mechanism between a population of microtubules extending from mitotic centrosomes to the cell cortex occurs. However, contractile forces at the cell cortex also likely play a decisive role in determining the final placement of daughter cells following division. In this review, we discuss recent literature that describes the role of these contractile forces and how these forces could be balanced by mitotic adhesion complexes.