@article{e5897a9d6dc4461289492a2a9e869991,
title = "Semi-directedness: New network concepts for supply chain research",
author = "Simpson, {N. C.} and Zhasmina Tacheva and Kao, {Ta Wei}",
note = "Funding Information: Fig. 9 contrasts the 2018 supply chain network (a) with three other large non-supply digraphs, including (b), a random null model of the 2018 supply chain data set. The FAS 2018 network exhibits greatest visual similarity to the cash donation network in Fig. 9 (d), where flow of funding through intermediary agencies to recipient governments creates an archetypal scale-free pattern (Simpson et al., 2018). In the smaller digraph (d), private sector cash contributions supporting humanitarian response to the 2014 Ebola crisis in Sierra Leone create a dramatically convergent pattern of slightly higher graph density than the FAS 131 supply network. In Fig. 9 (c), the complete neural network of the flatworm C. Elegans provides a benchmark example of a sizable digraph which is not scale-free (Barab{\'a}si, 2016). With a higher ratio of edges to nodes, the well-known C. Elegans neural net is markedly denser than any other Fig. 9 digraph.",
year = "2023",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1016/j.ijpe.2022.108753",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "256",
journal = "International Journal of Production Economics",
issn = "0925-5273",
publisher = "Elsevier",
}