Abstract
We report the rate of cosmic ray air showers with multiplicities exceeding 15 muon tracks recorded in the NOvA Far Detector between May 2016 and May 2018. The detector is located on the surface under an overburden of 3.6 meters water equivalent. We observe a seasonal dependence in the rate of multiple-muon showers, which varies in magnitude with multiplicity and zenith angle. During this period, the effective atmospheric temperature and surface pressure ranged between 210 K and 230 K and 940 mbar and 990 mbar, respectively; the shower rates are anticorrelated with the variation in the effective temperature. The variations are about 30% larger for the highest multiplicities than the lowest multiplicities and 20% larger for showers near the horizon than vertical showers.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Article number | 012014 |
Journal | Physical Review D |
Volume | 104 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jul 1 2021 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Nuclear and High Energy Physics
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Seasonal variation of multiple-muon cosmic ray air showers observed in the NOvA detector on the surface. / Acero, M. A.; Adamson, P.; Aliaga, L. et al.
In: Physical Review D, Vol. 104, No. 1, 012014, 01.07.2021.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Seasonal variation of multiple-muon cosmic ray air showers observed in the NOvA detector on the surface
AU - Acero, M. A.
AU - Adamson, P.
AU - Aliaga, L.
AU - Anfimov, N.
AU - Antoshkin, A.
AU - Arrieta-Diaz, E.
AU - Asquith, L.
AU - Aurisano, A.
AU - Back, A.
AU - Backhouse, C.
AU - Baird, M.
AU - Balashov, N.
AU - Baldi, P.
AU - Bambah, B. A.
AU - Bashar, S.
AU - Bays, K.
AU - Bernstein, R.
AU - Bhatnagar, V.
AU - Bhuyan, B.
AU - Bian, J.
AU - Blair, J.
AU - Booth, A. C.
AU - Bowles, R.
AU - Bromberg, C.
AU - Buchanan, N.
AU - Butkevich, A.
AU - Calvez, S.
AU - Carroll, T. J.
AU - Catano-Mur, E.
AU - Choudhary, B. C.
AU - Christensen, A.
AU - Coan, T. E.
AU - Colo, M.
AU - Cremonesi, L.
AU - Davies, G. S.
AU - Derwent, P. F.
AU - Ding, P.
AU - Djurcic, Z.
AU - Dolce, M.
AU - Doyle, D.
AU - Dueñas Tonguino, D.
AU - Dukes, E. C.
AU - Duyang, H.
AU - Edayath, S.
AU - Ehrlich, R.
AU - Elkins, M.
AU - Ewart, E.
AU - Feldman, G. J.
AU - Filip, P.
AU - Franc, J.
AU - Frank, M. J.
AU - Gallagher, H. R.
AU - Gandrajula, R.
AU - Gao, F.
AU - Giri, A.
AU - Gomes, R. A.
AU - Goodman, M. C.
AU - Grichine, V.
AU - Groh, M.
AU - Group, R.
AU - Guo, B.
AU - Habig, A.
AU - Hakl, F.
AU - Hall, A.
AU - Hartnell, J.
AU - Hatcher, R.
AU - Hausner, H.
AU - Heller, K.
AU - Hewes, J.
AU - Himmel, A.
AU - Holin, A.
AU - Jargowsky, B.
AU - Jarosz, J.
AU - Jediny, F.
AU - Johnson, C.
AU - Judah, M.
AU - Kakorin, I.
AU - Kalra, D.
AU - Kaplan, D. M.
AU - Kalitkina, A.
AU - Keloth, R.
AU - Klimov, O.
AU - Koerner, L. W.
AU - Kolupaeva, L.
AU - Kotelnikov, S.
AU - Kralik, R.
AU - Kullenberg, CH
AU - Kubu, M.
AU - Kumar, A.
AU - Kuruppu, C. D.
AU - Kus, V.
AU - Lackey, T.
AU - Lang, K.
AU - Lasorak, P.
AU - Lesmeister, J.
AU - Lin, S.
AU - Lister, A.
AU - Liu, J.
AU - Lokajicek, M.
AU - Magill, S.
AU - Manrique Plata, M.
AU - Mann, W. A.
AU - Marshak, M. L.
AU - Martinez-Casales, M.
AU - Matveev, V.
AU - Mayes, B.
AU - Messier, M. D.
AU - Meyer, H.
AU - Miao, T.
AU - Miller, W. H.
AU - Mishra, S. R.
AU - Mislivec, A.
AU - Mohanta, R.
AU - Moren, A.
AU - Morozova, A.
AU - Mu, W.
AU - Mualem, L.
AU - Muether, M.
AU - Mulder, K.
AU - Naples, D.
AU - Nayak, N.
AU - Nelson, J. K.
AU - Nichol, R.
AU - Niner, E.
AU - Norman, A.
AU - Norrick, A.
AU - Nosek, T.
AU - Oh, H.
AU - Olshevskiy, A.
AU - Olson, T.
AU - Ott, J.
AU - Paley, J.
AU - Patterson, R. B.
AU - Pawloski, G.
AU - Petrova, O.
AU - Petti, R.
AU - Phan, D. D.
AU - Plunkett, R. K.
AU - Porter, J. C.C.
AU - Rafique, A.
AU - Raj, V.
AU - Rajaoalisoa, M.
AU - Ramson, B.
AU - Rebel, B.
AU - Rojas, P.
AU - Ryabov, V.
AU - Samoylov, O.
AU - Sanchez, M. C.
AU - Sánchez Falero, S.
AU - Shanahan, P.
AU - Sheshukov, A.
AU - Singh, P.
AU - Singh, V.
AU - Smith, E.
AU - Smolik, J.
AU - Snopok, P.
AU - Solomey, N.
AU - Sousa, A.
AU - Soustruznik, K.
AU - Strait, M.
AU - Suter, L.
AU - Sutton, A.
AU - Swain, S.
AU - Sweeney, C.
AU - Tapia Oregui, B.
AU - Tas, P.
AU - Thakore, T.
AU - Thayyullathil, R. B.
AU - Thomas, J.
AU - Tiras, E.
AU - Tognini, S. C.
AU - Tripathi, J.
AU - Trokan-Tenorio, J.
AU - Torun, Y.
AU - Urheim, J.
AU - Vahle, P.
AU - Vallari, Z.
AU - Vasel, J.
AU - Vokac, P.
AU - Vrba, T.
AU - Wallbank, M.
AU - Warburton, T. K.
AU - Wetstein, M.
AU - Whittington, D.
AU - Wickremasinghe, D. A.
AU - Wojcicki, S. G.
AU - Wolcott, J.
AU - Wu, W.
AU - Xiao, Y.
AU - Yallappa Dombara, A.
AU - Yonehara, K.
AU - Yu, S.
AU - Yu, Y.
AU - Zadorozhnyy, S.
AU - Zalesak, J.
AU - Zhang, Y.
AU - Zwaska, R.
N1 - Funding Information: This document was prepared by the NOvA Collaboration using the resources of the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), a U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, High Energy Physics User Facility. Fermilab is managed by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, acting under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy; the U.S. National Science Foundation; the Department of Science and Technology, India; the European Research Council; the MSMT CR, GA UK, Czech Republic; the RAS, RFBR, RMES, RSF, and BASIS Foundation, Russia; CNPq and FAPEG, Brazil; STFC, UKRI, and the Royal Society, United Kingdom; and the state and University of Minnesota. We are grateful for the contributions of the staffs of the University of Minnesota at the Ash River Laboratory and of Fermilab. Funding Information: Fermilab U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science High Energy Physics Fermi Research Alliance National Science Foundation Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India European Research Council Ministerstvo ?kolstv?, Ml?de?e a T?lov?chovy Russian Academy of Sciences Russian Foundation for Basic Research Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation Basis Foundation Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Goi?s Science and Technology Facilities Council UK Research and Innovation Royal Society University of Minnesota Ash River Laboratory and of Fermilab Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Published by the American Physical Society
PY - 2021/7/1
Y1 - 2021/7/1
N2 - We report the rate of cosmic ray air showers with multiplicities exceeding 15 muon tracks recorded in the NOvA Far Detector between May 2016 and May 2018. The detector is located on the surface under an overburden of 3.6 meters water equivalent. We observe a seasonal dependence in the rate of multiple-muon showers, which varies in magnitude with multiplicity and zenith angle. During this period, the effective atmospheric temperature and surface pressure ranged between 210 K and 230 K and 940 mbar and 990 mbar, respectively; the shower rates are anticorrelated with the variation in the effective temperature. The variations are about 30% larger for the highest multiplicities than the lowest multiplicities and 20% larger for showers near the horizon than vertical showers.
AB - We report the rate of cosmic ray air showers with multiplicities exceeding 15 muon tracks recorded in the NOvA Far Detector between May 2016 and May 2018. The detector is located on the surface under an overburden of 3.6 meters water equivalent. We observe a seasonal dependence in the rate of multiple-muon showers, which varies in magnitude with multiplicity and zenith angle. During this period, the effective atmospheric temperature and surface pressure ranged between 210 K and 230 K and 940 mbar and 990 mbar, respectively; the shower rates are anticorrelated with the variation in the effective temperature. The variations are about 30% larger for the highest multiplicities than the lowest multiplicities and 20% larger for showers near the horizon than vertical showers.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111890005&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85111890005&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevD.104.012014
DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.104.012014
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85111890005
SN - 2470-0010
VL - 104
JO - Physical Review D
JF - Physical Review D
IS - 1
M1 - 012014
ER -