Recent warming reverses long-term arctic cooling

Darrell S. Kaufman; David P. Schneider; Nicholas P. McKay; Caspar M. Ammann; Raymond S. Bradley; Keith R. Briffa; Gifford H. Miller; Bette L. Otto-Bliesner; Jonathan T. Overpeck; Bo M. Vinther; M. Abbott; Y. Axford; B. Bird; H. J.B. Birks; A. E. Bjune; J. Briner; T. Cook; M. Chipman; P. Francus; K. Gajewski; Á Geirsddttir; F. S. Hu; B. Kutchko; S. Lamoureux; M. Loso; G. MacDonald; M. Peros; D. Porinchu; C. Schiff; H. Seppä; E. Thomas

doi:10.1126/science.1173983

Recent warming reverses long-term arctic cooling

Darrell S. Kaufman, David P. Schneider, Nicholas P. McKay, Caspar M. Ammann, Raymond S. Bradley, Keith R. Briffa, Gifford H. Miller, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Jonathan T. Overpeck, Bo M. Vinther, M. Abbott, Y. Axford, B. Bird, H. J.B. Birks, A. E. Bjune, J. Briner, T. Cook, M. Chipman, P. Francus, K. GajewskiÁ Geirsddttir, F. S. Hu, B. Kutchko, S. Lamoureux, M. Loso, G. MacDonald, M. Peros, D. Porinchu, C. Schiff, H. Seppä, E. Thomas

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Abstract

The temperature history of the first millennium CE. is sparsely documented, especially in the Arctic. We present a synthesis of decadally resolved proxy temperature records from poleward of 6O°N covering the past 2000 years, which indicates that a pervasive cooling in progress 2000 years ago continued through the Middle Ages and into the Little Ice Age. A 2000-year transient climate simulation with the Community Climate System Model shows the same temperature sensitivity to changes in insolation as does our proxy reconstruction, supporting the inference that this long-term trend was caused by the steady orbitally driven reduction in summer insolation. The cooling trend was reversed during the 20th century, with four of the five warmest decades of our 2000-year-long reconstruction occurring between 1950 and 2000.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1236-1239
Number of pages	4
Journal	Science
Volume	325
Issue number	5945
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1173983
State	Published - 2009
Externally published	Yes

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Kaufman, D. S., Schneider, D. P., McKay, N. P., Ammann, C. M., Bradley, R. S., Briffa, K. R., Miller, G. H., Otto-Bliesner, B. L., Overpeck, J. T., Vinther, B. M., Abbott, M., Axford, Y., Bird, B., Birks, H. J. B., Bjune, A. E., Briner, J., Cook, T., Chipman, M., Francus, P., ... Thomas, E. (2009). Recent warming reverses long-term arctic cooling. Science, 325(5945), 1236-1239. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1173983

Kaufman, DS, Schneider, DP, McKay, NP, Ammann, CM, Bradley, RS, Briffa, KR, Miller, GH, Otto-Bliesner, BL, Overpeck, JT, Vinther, BM, Abbott, M, Axford, Y, Bird, B, Birks, HJB, Bjune, AE, Briner, J, Cook, T, Chipman, M, Francus, P, Gajewski, K, Geirsddttir, Á, Hu, FS, Kutchko, B, Lamoureux, S, Loso, M, MacDonald, G, Peros, M, Porinchu, D, Schiff, C, Seppä, H & Thomas, E 2009, 'Recent warming reverses long-term arctic cooling', Science, vol. 325, no. 5945, pp. 1236-1239. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1173983

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title = "Recent warming reverses long-term arctic cooling",

abstract = "The temperature history of the first millennium CE. is sparsely documented, especially in the Arctic. We present a synthesis of decadally resolved proxy temperature records from poleward of 6O°N covering the past 2000 years, which indicates that a pervasive cooling in progress 2000 years ago continued through the Middle Ages and into the Little Ice Age. A 2000-year transient climate simulation with the Community Climate System Model shows the same temperature sensitivity to changes in insolation as does our proxy reconstruction, supporting the inference that this long-term trend was caused by the steady orbitally driven reduction in summer insolation. The cooling trend was reversed during the 20th century, with four of the five warmest decades of our 2000-year-long reconstruction occurring between 1950 and 2000.",

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AU - Briner, J.

AU - Cook, T.

AU - Chipman, M.

AU - Francus, P.

AU - Gajewski, K.

AU - Geirsddttir, Á

AU - Hu, F. S.

AU - Kutchko, B.

AU - Lamoureux, S.

AU - Loso, M.

AU - MacDonald, G.

AU - Peros, M.

AU - Porinchu, D.

AU - Schiff, C.

AU - Seppä, H.

AU - Thomas, E.

PY - 2009

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Recent warming reverses long-term arctic cooling

Abstract

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