TY - JOUR
T1 - Racial discrimination and alcohol use and negative drinking consequences among Black Americans
T2 - a meta-analytical review
AU - Desalu, Jessica M.
AU - Goodhines, Patricia A.
AU - Park, Aesoon
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Society for the Study of Addiction
PY - 2019/6
Y1 - 2019/6
N2 - Background and Aims: Findings of the association between racial discrimination and alcohol use and related consequences are inconsistent, and the role of potential moderators in the association is largely unknown. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the discrimination–alcohol literature among Black Americans, estimate the magnitude of associations and explore differences as a function of sample characteristics. Methods: Empirical studies reporting the association of racial discrimination with alcohol-related behaviors in an all-black sample were identified via systematic literature search. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using 33 effect sizes extracted from 27 studies, all of which used US samples (n = 26 894). Results: Significant positive associations were found for racial discrimination with alcohol consumption [k = 9, confidence interval (CI) = 0.08, 0.17, I 2 = 49%, r = 0.12], heavy/binge drinking (k = 12, CI = 0.02, 0.10), I 2 = 27%, r = 0.06), at-risk drinking (k = 4, CI = 0.06, 0.23, I 2 = 0%, r = 0.14) and negative drinking consequences (k = 5, CI = 0.09, 0.25, I 2 = 94%, r = 0.25), but not with alcohol use disorder (k = 3, CI = −0.01, 0.20, I 2 = 90%, r = 0.10). Only alcohol consumption and negative drinking consequences showed significant between-study heterogeneity and had a sufficient quantity of studies for moderation analysis (i.e., 4 or more studies). The positive association of racial discrimination with negative drinking consequences was stronger among younger samples; the association with alcohol consumption did not differ by age or proportion of men. Conclusions: Experiences of racial discrimination are associated with diverse alcohol-related behaviors among Black Americans, with a stronger association with problematic alcohol use, particularly among younger individuals.
AB - Background and Aims: Findings of the association between racial discrimination and alcohol use and related consequences are inconsistent, and the role of potential moderators in the association is largely unknown. This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the discrimination–alcohol literature among Black Americans, estimate the magnitude of associations and explore differences as a function of sample characteristics. Methods: Empirical studies reporting the association of racial discrimination with alcohol-related behaviors in an all-black sample were identified via systematic literature search. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted using 33 effect sizes extracted from 27 studies, all of which used US samples (n = 26 894). Results: Significant positive associations were found for racial discrimination with alcohol consumption [k = 9, confidence interval (CI) = 0.08, 0.17, I 2 = 49%, r = 0.12], heavy/binge drinking (k = 12, CI = 0.02, 0.10), I 2 = 27%, r = 0.06), at-risk drinking (k = 4, CI = 0.06, 0.23, I 2 = 0%, r = 0.14) and negative drinking consequences (k = 5, CI = 0.09, 0.25, I 2 = 94%, r = 0.25), but not with alcohol use disorder (k = 3, CI = −0.01, 0.20, I 2 = 90%, r = 0.10). Only alcohol consumption and negative drinking consequences showed significant between-study heterogeneity and had a sufficient quantity of studies for moderation analysis (i.e., 4 or more studies). The positive association of racial discrimination with negative drinking consequences was stronger among younger samples; the association with alcohol consumption did not differ by age or proportion of men. Conclusions: Experiences of racial discrimination are associated with diverse alcohol-related behaviors among Black Americans, with a stronger association with problematic alcohol use, particularly among younger individuals.
KW - Alcohol screeners
KW - alcohol use
KW - alcohol use disorder
KW - black American
KW - negative drinking consequences
KW - racial discrimination
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U2 - 10.1111/add.14578
DO - 10.1111/add.14578
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30714661
AN - SCOPUS:85062344929
SN - 0965-2140
VL - 114
SP - 957
EP - 967
JO - Addiction
JF - Addiction
IS - 6
ER -