OGTT Glucose Response Curves, Insulin Sensitivity, and β-Cell Function in RISE: Comparison Between Youth and Adults at Randomization and in Response to Interventions to Preserve β-Cell Function

RISE Consortium

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

28 Scopus citations

Abstract

KM IS CURRENTLY EMPLOYED BY ELI LILLY AND COMPANY OBJECTIVE: We examined the glucose response curves (biphasic [BPh], monophasic [MPh], incessant increase [IIn]) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and their relationship to insulin sensitivity (IS) and β-cell function (βCF) in youth versus adults with impaired glucose tolerance or recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis was both a cross-sectional and a longitudinal evaluation of participants in the RISE study randomized to metformin alone for 12 months or glargine for 3 months followed by metformin for 9 months. At baseline/randomization, OGTTs (85 youth, 353 adults) were categorized as BPh, MPh, or IIn. The relationship of the glucose response curves to hyperglycemic clamp-measured IS and βCF at baseline and the change in glucose response curves 12 months after randomization were assessed.RESULTSAt randomization, the prevalence of the BPh curve was significantly higher in youth than adults (18.8% vs. 8.2%), with no differences in MPh or IIn. IS did not differ across glucose response curves in youth or adults. However, irrespective of curve type, youth had lower IS than adults (P < 0.05). βCF was lowest in IIn versus MPh and BPh in youth and adults (P < 0.05), yet compared with adults, youth had higher βCF in BPh and MPh (P < 0.005) but not IIn. At month 12, the change in glucose response curves did not differ between youth and adults, and there was no treatment effect.CONCLUSIONSDespite a twofold higher prevalence of the more favorable BPh curve in youth at randomization, RISE interventions did not result in beneficial changes in glucose response curves in youth compared with adults. Moreover, the typical β-cell hypersecretion in youth was not present in the IIn curve, emphasizing the severity of β-cell dysfunction in youth with this least favorable glucose response curve.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)817-825
JournalDiabetes Care
Volume44
Issue number3
DOIs
StatePublished - Mar 2021

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'OGTT Glucose Response Curves, Insulin Sensitivity, and β-Cell Function in RISE: Comparison Between Youth and Adults at Randomization and in Response to Interventions to Preserve β-Cell Function'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this