Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Adobe Structures Strengthened by Synthetic Nylons

Adobe (or air-dried mud) brick is one of the earliest construction materials used around the world. It is still being used quite extensively in some developing countries. Adobe structures are relatively simple and often designed only for gravity loads. When subject to high shear force from settlement or earthquake effect, shear cracks often develop, thereby severely compromising the integrity of the structure. This paper presents several methodologies for strengthening adobe structures. Nonlinear finite element used in conjunction with a pushover analysis is employed to assess the behavior of these strengthened structural systems. The effectiveness of these strengthening schemes is then compared and discussed. It is found that a strengthening system that makes use of both sheet and strap reinforcements is the most effective. However, other strengthening schemes are also quite promising in increasing the lateral load and energy absorbing capacities of adobe structures.