TY - JOUR
T1 - Multi-Material Gradient Printing Using Meniscus-enabled Projection Stereolithography (MAPS)
AU - Kunwar, Puskal
AU - Poudel, Arun
AU - Aryal, Ujjwal
AU - Xie, Rui
AU - Geffert, Zachary J.
AU - Wittmann, Haven
AU - Fougnier, Daniel
AU - Chiang, Tsung Hsing
AU - Maye, Mathew M.
AU - Li, Zhen
AU - Soman, Pranav
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Materials Technologies published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Light-based additive manufacturing methods are widely used to print high-resolution 3D structures for applications in tissue engineering, soft robotics, photonics, and microfluidics, among others. Despite this progress, multi-material printing with these methods remains challenging due to constraints associated with hardware modifications, control systems, cross-contamination, waste, and resin properties. Here, a new printing platform coined Meniscus-enabled Projection Stereolithography (MAPS) is reported, a vat-free method that relies on generating and maintaining a resin meniscus between a crosslinked structure and bottom window to print lateral, vertical, discrete, or gradient multi-material 3D structures with no waste and user-defined mixing between layers. MAPS is compatible with a wide range of resins shown and can print complex multi-material 3D structures without requiring specialized hardware, software, or complex washing protocols. MAPS's ability to print structures with microscale variations in mechanical stiffness, opacity, surface energy, cell densities, and magnetic properties provides a generic method to make advanced materials for a broad range of applications.
AB - Light-based additive manufacturing methods are widely used to print high-resolution 3D structures for applications in tissue engineering, soft robotics, photonics, and microfluidics, among others. Despite this progress, multi-material printing with these methods remains challenging due to constraints associated with hardware modifications, control systems, cross-contamination, waste, and resin properties. Here, a new printing platform coined Meniscus-enabled Projection Stereolithography (MAPS) is reported, a vat-free method that relies on generating and maintaining a resin meniscus between a crosslinked structure and bottom window to print lateral, vertical, discrete, or gradient multi-material 3D structures with no waste and user-defined mixing between layers. MAPS is compatible with a wide range of resins shown and can print complex multi-material 3D structures without requiring specialized hardware, software, or complex washing protocols. MAPS's ability to print structures with microscale variations in mechanical stiffness, opacity, surface energy, cell densities, and magnetic properties provides a generic method to make advanced materials for a broad range of applications.
KW - bioprinting
KW - digital light processing
KW - gradient printing
KW - meniscus
KW - multi-material printing
KW - nano-material printing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85208914797&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85208914797&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/admt.202400675
DO - 10.1002/admt.202400675
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85208914797
SN - 2365-709X
JO - Advanced Materials Technologies
JF - Advanced Materials Technologies
ER -