Membranolytic activities of quartz standards

R. P. Nolan; A. M. Langer; R. A. Eskenazi; G. B. Herson; K. W. Foster

doi:10.1016/0887-2333(87)90026-9

Membranolytic activities of quartz standards

R. P. Nolan, A. M. Langer, R. A. Eskenazi, G. B. Herson, K. W. Foster

Department of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

The membranolytic activity of ten quartz specimens, determined quantitatively as the percentage of erythrocytes lysed as a function of mineral concentration, varied by up to 100 times depending on particle size, method of size reduction, thermal treatment, dispersal in the experimental system, and quartz variety. Five specimens that are currently used as standard fibrogenic dusts in pneumoconiosis research laboratories were obtained as fine powders. Two other specimens obtained as large single crystals and three additional ones obtained as massive crystalline specimens required pulverization before testing. The specimens were studied as size-heterogeneous powders, and after fractionation into narrow size bands. The membranolytic activity of the size fractions increased by an average of 30 times as the Stokes' diameter of the particles decreased from 20 to 1 μm. The five specimens that were reduced to powders in a carborundum mortar and pestle lost activity after hydration in the water-fractionation process. When these inactive quartz specimens were heated to 400-500°C for 6 hr, their activities were restored. The active and inactive quartz specimens were indistinguishable by electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. The physico-chemical properties of quartz are variable and therefore the mineral's biological potential varies considerably.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	239-245
Number of pages	7
Journal	Toxicology in Vitro
Volume	1
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/0887-2333(87)90026-9
State	Published - 1987

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Toxicology

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title = "Membranolytic activities of quartz standards",

abstract = "The membranolytic activity of ten quartz specimens, determined quantitatively as the percentage of erythrocytes lysed as a function of mineral concentration, varied by up to 100 times depending on particle size, method of size reduction, thermal treatment, dispersal in the experimental system, and quartz variety. Five specimens that are currently used as standard fibrogenic dusts in pneumoconiosis research laboratories were obtained as fine powders. Two other specimens obtained as large single crystals and three additional ones obtained as massive crystalline specimens required pulverization before testing. The specimens were studied as size-heterogeneous powders, and after fractionation into narrow size bands. The membranolytic activity of the size fractions increased by an average of 30 times as the Stokes' diameter of the particles decreased from 20 to 1 μm. The five specimens that were reduced to powders in a carborundum mortar and pestle lost activity after hydration in the water-fractionation process. When these inactive quartz specimens were heated to 400-500°C for 6 hr, their activities were restored. The active and inactive quartz specimens were indistinguishable by electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. The physico-chemical properties of quartz are variable and therefore the mineral's biological potential varies considerably.",

author = "Nolan, {R. P.} and Langer, {A. M.} and Eskenazi, {R. A.} and Herson, {G. B.} and Foster, {K. W.}",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgements--This study was made possible by support from the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health 01905 and the Soc16t6 Nationale de L'Amiante, Canada R. P. Nolan voshes to acknowledge support as a Fellow of the Stony Wold-Herbert Fund, Inc. We wish to acknowledge the valuable advice of Dr J. S. Harmgton",

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AU - Herson, G. B.

AU - Foster, K. W.

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements--This study was made possible by support from the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health 01905 and the Soc16t6 Nationale de L'Amiante, Canada R. P. Nolan voshes to acknowledge support as a Fellow of the Stony Wold-Herbert Fund, Inc. We wish to acknowledge the valuable advice of Dr J. S. Harmgton

PY - 1987

Y1 - 1987

N2 - The membranolytic activity of ten quartz specimens, determined quantitatively as the percentage of erythrocytes lysed as a function of mineral concentration, varied by up to 100 times depending on particle size, method of size reduction, thermal treatment, dispersal in the experimental system, and quartz variety. Five specimens that are currently used as standard fibrogenic dusts in pneumoconiosis research laboratories were obtained as fine powders. Two other specimens obtained as large single crystals and three additional ones obtained as massive crystalline specimens required pulverization before testing. The specimens were studied as size-heterogeneous powders, and after fractionation into narrow size bands. The membranolytic activity of the size fractions increased by an average of 30 times as the Stokes' diameter of the particles decreased from 20 to 1 μm. The five specimens that were reduced to powders in a carborundum mortar and pestle lost activity after hydration in the water-fractionation process. When these inactive quartz specimens were heated to 400-500°C for 6 hr, their activities were restored. The active and inactive quartz specimens were indistinguishable by electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. The physico-chemical properties of quartz are variable and therefore the mineral's biological potential varies considerably.

AB - The membranolytic activity of ten quartz specimens, determined quantitatively as the percentage of erythrocytes lysed as a function of mineral concentration, varied by up to 100 times depending on particle size, method of size reduction, thermal treatment, dispersal in the experimental system, and quartz variety. Five specimens that are currently used as standard fibrogenic dusts in pneumoconiosis research laboratories were obtained as fine powders. Two other specimens obtained as large single crystals and three additional ones obtained as massive crystalline specimens required pulverization before testing. The specimens were studied as size-heterogeneous powders, and after fractionation into narrow size bands. The membranolytic activity of the size fractions increased by an average of 30 times as the Stokes' diameter of the particles decreased from 20 to 1 μm. The five specimens that were reduced to powders in a carborundum mortar and pestle lost activity after hydration in the water-fractionation process. When these inactive quartz specimens were heated to 400-500°C for 6 hr, their activities were restored. The active and inactive quartz specimens were indistinguishable by electron microscopy, powder X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. The physico-chemical properties of quartz are variable and therefore the mineral's biological potential varies considerably.

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Membranolytic activities of quartz standards

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