TY - JOUR
T1 - Measuring atmospheric dry deposition with large surrogate surfaces for improved time resolution
AU - Johnson, Alexander J.
AU - Davidson, Cliff I.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by NSF grant SES-1444755, “Urban Resilience to Extremes Sustainability Research Network” (UREx SRN), by the EMPOWER NRT program under NSF Grant DGE-1449617, by the Department of Transportation grant from the University Transportation Center “Transportation for Livability by Integrating Vehicles and the Environment” (TranLIVE) DTRT12-G-UTC17, by the Surdna Foundation under Grant 20140225, and by a Syracuse University Water Fellowship. The authors would like to thank Mario Montesdeoca of the Center for Environmental Systems Engineering for training and use of the ion chomatograph for this project and to acknowledge the support of senior machinist Richard Chave and machinist William Dossert for helping with design and construction of the surrogate surfaces. The assistance of several undergraduate students is also greatly appreciated: Mateo Burbano, Kimberly Fitzgerald, Charles Fowler, Shawn LaPointe, Jeffrey Minnich, Emily Procopio, and Diego Redroban.
Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by NSF grant SES-1444755 , “Urban Resilience to Extremes Sustainability Research Network” (UREx SRN), by the EMPOWER NRT program under NSF Grant DGE-1449617 , by the Department of Transportation grant from the University Transportation Center “Transportation for Livability by Integrating Vehicles and the Environment” (TranLIVE) DTRT12-G-UTC17 , by the Surdna Foundation under Grant 20140225 , and by a Syracuse University Water Fellowship . The authors would like to thank Mario Montesdeoca of the Center for Environmental Systems Engineering for training and use of the ion chomatograph for this project and to acknowledge the support of senior machinist Richard Chave and machinist William Dossert for helping with design and construction of the surrogate surfaces. The assistance of several undergraduate students is also greatly appreciated: Mateo Burbano, Kimberly Fitzgerald, Charles Fowler, Shawn LaPointe, Jeffrey Minnich, Emily Procopio, and Diego Redroban.
PY - 2019/2/1
Y1 - 2019/2/1
N2 - Surrogate surfaces are used to measure atmospheric dry deposition of contaminants and are sometimes designed intentionally with simple geometry to estimate the lower limit of the flux to any surface. However, most surrogate surfaces have a small collection area: long periods of dry weather may be needed to obtain sufficient deposited contaminants to be detected and quantified, and such exposure periods may not be common in wet climates. In this study, two relatively large surrogate surfaces—disks with surface areas >1 m2—were designed to measure dry deposition of F−, Cl−, SO42−, and NO3− in Syracuse, NY. Results indicate that good reproducibility is possible for measurements with exposure periods of 2–6 days. The ranges of dry deposition velocities for each species are as follows: F− (0.6–2.5 cm/s), Cl− (1.9–9.2 cm/s), SO42− (0.11–1.8 cm/s), and NO3− (0.1–1.1 cm/s). Fluxes were also measured to four separate sections of the disk; results suggest that deposition varies somewhat across the disk in a way that is consistent with boundary layer thickness predicted by Computational Fluid Dynamics modeling.
AB - Surrogate surfaces are used to measure atmospheric dry deposition of contaminants and are sometimes designed intentionally with simple geometry to estimate the lower limit of the flux to any surface. However, most surrogate surfaces have a small collection area: long periods of dry weather may be needed to obtain sufficient deposited contaminants to be detected and quantified, and such exposure periods may not be common in wet climates. In this study, two relatively large surrogate surfaces—disks with surface areas >1 m2—were designed to measure dry deposition of F−, Cl−, SO42−, and NO3− in Syracuse, NY. Results indicate that good reproducibility is possible for measurements with exposure periods of 2–6 days. The ranges of dry deposition velocities for each species are as follows: F− (0.6–2.5 cm/s), Cl− (1.9–9.2 cm/s), SO42− (0.11–1.8 cm/s), and NO3− (0.1–1.1 cm/s). Fluxes were also measured to four separate sections of the disk; results suggest that deposition varies somewhat across the disk in a way that is consistent with boundary layer thickness predicted by Computational Fluid Dynamics modeling.
KW - Aerosol
KW - Anion
KW - Dry deposition
KW - Surrogate surface
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85056720784&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.10.055
DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.10.055
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85056720784
SN - 1352-2310
VL - 198
SP - 489
EP - 495
JO - Atmospheric Environment
JF - Atmospheric Environment
ER -