Late inception of a resiliently oxygenated upper ocean

Wanyi Lu; Andy Ridgwell; Ellen Thomas; Dalton S. Hardisty; Genming Luo; Thomas J. Algeo; Matthew R. Saltzman; Benjamin C. Gill; Yanan Shen; Hong Fei Ling; Cole T. Edwards; Michael T. Whalen; Xiaoli Zhou; Kristina M. Gutchess; Li Jin; Rosalind E.M. Rickaby; Hugh C. Jenkyns; Timothy W. Lyons; Timothy M. Lenton; Lee R. Kump; Zunli Lu

doi:10.1126/science.aar5372

Late inception of a resiliently oxygenated upper ocean

Wanyi Lu, Andy Ridgwell, Ellen Thomas, Dalton S. Hardisty, Genming Luo, Thomas J. Algeo, Matthew R. Saltzman, Benjamin C. Gill, Yanan Shen, Hong Fei Ling, Cole T. Edwards, Michael T. Whalen, Xiaoli Zhou, Kristina M. Gutchess, Li Jin, Rosalind E.M. Rickaby, Hugh C. Jenkyns, Timothy W. Lyons, Timothy M. Lenton, Lee R. KumpZunli Lu

Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

151 Scopus citations

Abstract

Rising oceanic and atmospheric oxygen levels through time have been crucial to enhanced habitability of surface Earth environments. Few redox proxies can track secular variations in dissolved oxygen concentrations around threshold levels for metazoan survival in the upper ocean. We present an extensive compilation of iodine-to-calcium ratios (I/Ca) in marine carbonates. Our record supports a major rise in the partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere at ~400 million years (Ma) ago and reveals a step change in the oxygenation of the upper ocean to relatively sustainable near-modern conditions at ~200 Ma ago. An Earth system model demonstrates that a shift in organic matter remineralization to greater depths, which may have been due to increasing size and biomineralization of eukaryotic plankton, likely drove the I/Ca signals at ~200 Ma ago.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	174-177
Number of pages	4
Journal	Science
Volume	361
Issue number	6398
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar5372
State	Published - Jul 13 2018

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Lu, W., Ridgwell, A., Thomas, E., Hardisty, D. S., Luo, G., Algeo, T. J., Saltzman, M. R., Gill, B. C., Shen, Y., Ling, H. F., Edwards, C. T., Whalen, M. T., Zhou, X., Gutchess, K. M., Jin, L., Rickaby, R. E. M., Jenkyns, H. C., Lyons, T. W., Lenton, T. M., ... Lu, Z. (2018). Late inception of a resiliently oxygenated upper ocean. Science, 361(6398), 174-177. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar5372

Lu, W, Ridgwell, A, Thomas, E, Hardisty, DS, Luo, G, Algeo, TJ, Saltzman, MR, Gill, BC, Shen, Y, Ling, HF, Edwards, CT, Whalen, MT, Zhou, X, Gutchess, KM, Jin, L, Rickaby, REM, Jenkyns, HC, Lyons, TW, Lenton, TM, Kump, LR & Lu, Z 2018, 'Late inception of a resiliently oxygenated upper ocean', Science, vol. 361, no. 6398, pp. 174-177. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar5372

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abstract = "Rising oceanic and atmospheric oxygen levels through time have been crucial to enhanced habitability of surface Earth environments. Few redox proxies can track secular variations in dissolved oxygen concentrations around threshold levels for metazoan survival in the upper ocean. We present an extensive compilation of iodine-to-calcium ratios (I/Ca) in marine carbonates. Our record supports a major rise in the partial pressure of oxygen in the atmosphere at ~400 million years (Ma) ago and reveals a step change in the oxygenation of the upper ocean to relatively sustainable near-modern conditions at ~200 Ma ago. An Earth system model demonstrates that a shift in organic matter remineralization to greater depths, which may have been due to increasing size and biomineralization of eukaryotic plankton, likely drove the I/Ca signals at ~200 Ma ago.",

author = "Wanyi Lu and Andy Ridgwell and Ellen Thomas and Hardisty, {Dalton S.} and Genming Luo and Algeo, {Thomas J.} and Saltzman, {Matthew R.} and Gill, {Benjamin C.} and Yanan Shen and Ling, {Hong Fei} and Edwards, {Cole T.} and Whalen, {Michael T.} and Xiaoli Zhou and Gutchess, {Kristina M.} and Li Jin and Rickaby, {Rosalind E.M.} and Jenkyns, {Hugh C.} and Lyons, {Timothy W.} and Lenton, {Timothy M.} and Kump, {Lee R.} and Zunli Lu",

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AU - Saltzman, Matthew R.

AU - Gill, Benjamin C.

AU - Shen, Yanan

AU - Ling, Hong Fei

AU - Edwards, Cole T.

AU - Whalen, Michael T.

AU - Zhou, Xiaoli

AU - Gutchess, Kristina M.

AU - Jin, Li

AU - Rickaby, Rosalind E.M.

AU - Jenkyns, Hugh C.

AU - Lyons, Timothy W.

AU - Lenton, Timothy M.

AU - Kump, Lee R.

AU - Lu, Zunli

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Late inception of a resiliently oxygenated upper ocean

Abstract

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