TY - JOUR
T1 - Integridad de los pozos de gas y migración del metano
T2 - evaluación de evidencias publicadas durante el desarrollo del shale-gas en los EEUU.
AU - Hammond, Patrick A.
AU - Wen, Tao
AU - Brantley, Susan L.
AU - Engelder, Terry
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding for S.L.B. and T.W. was derived from grant IIS-16-39150 to S.L.B. from the National Science Foundation. T.W. was also supported by the College of Earth and Mineral Sciences Dean’s Fund for Postdoc-Facilitated Innovation at the Penn State University.
Funding Information:
The editor Dr. Jean-Michel Lemieux, an anonymous associate editor, Dr. Thomas H. Darrah and one anonymous reviewer, and the technical editorial advisor Sue Duncan, provided many useful comments and suggestions that greatly improved the content and organization of the manuscript. Dr. Jean-Philippe Nicot made useful comments on an early version of the manuscript. The views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies the Maryland Department of the Environment.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
PY - 2020/6/1
Y1 - 2020/6/1
N2 - More than 1 million wells may have been completed using hydraulic fracturing techniques in the USA alone; however, there have been few case studies exploring the impacts on water resources due to methane migration. This study evaluated the results of three investigations initiated by the US Environmental Protection Agency, that were subsequently described in published studies at Dimock in Pennsylvania, Parker-Hood County in Texas, and Pavillion in Wyoming, as well as another study completed at Sugar Run in northeast Pennsylvania. In addition, earlier investigations at Shaws Corner in Pennsylvania, Jackson County in West Virginia, Garfield County in Colorado, and Bainbridge in Ohio are summarized. The most common cause of incidents was the presence of uncemented sections of production casings in wells that allowed gas migration from intermediate depths to shallow freshwater aquifers. In three cases, an inadequate depth of the primary top of cement (TOC) also contributed to impacts. Sources of methane were best identified through analyses of isotopes on samples from production casings, annular spaces, and water wells. In Dimock, some isotope signatures changed with time, after the completion of remedial actions. In Parker-Hood County, where impacts were not related to gas well activity, noble gas analyses were also needed to determine the source of gas. At Pavillion, where maximum methane concentrations in water wells were <1 mg/L, no significant impacts were documented. For all the sites, most or all of the fugitive gas incidents may have been prevented by fully cementing production casings to the land surface.
AB - More than 1 million wells may have been completed using hydraulic fracturing techniques in the USA alone; however, there have been few case studies exploring the impacts on water resources due to methane migration. This study evaluated the results of three investigations initiated by the US Environmental Protection Agency, that were subsequently described in published studies at Dimock in Pennsylvania, Parker-Hood County in Texas, and Pavillion in Wyoming, as well as another study completed at Sugar Run in northeast Pennsylvania. In addition, earlier investigations at Shaws Corner in Pennsylvania, Jackson County in West Virginia, Garfield County in Colorado, and Bainbridge in Ohio are summarized. The most common cause of incidents was the presence of uncemented sections of production casings in wells that allowed gas migration from intermediate depths to shallow freshwater aquifers. In three cases, an inadequate depth of the primary top of cement (TOC) also contributed to impacts. Sources of methane were best identified through analyses of isotopes on samples from production casings, annular spaces, and water wells. In Dimock, some isotope signatures changed with time, after the completion of remedial actions. In Parker-Hood County, where impacts were not related to gas well activity, noble gas analyses were also needed to determine the source of gas. At Pavillion, where maximum methane concentrations in water wells were <1 mg/L, no significant impacts were documented. For all the sites, most or all of the fugitive gas incidents may have been prevented by fully cementing production casings to the land surface.
KW - Hydraulic fracturing
KW - Methane migration
KW - Stable isotopes
KW - USA
KW - Well integrity
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U2 - 10.1007/s10040-020-02116-y
DO - 10.1007/s10040-020-02116-y
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85080065480
SN - 1431-2174
VL - 28
SP - 1481
EP - 1502
JO - Hydrogeology Journal
JF - Hydrogeology Journal
IS - 4
ER -