Ground-state roughness of the disordered substrate and flux line in d=2

We apply optimization algorithms to the problem of finding ground states for crystalline surfaces and flux lines arrays in presence of disorder. The algorithms provide ground states in polynomial time, which provides for a more precise study of the interface widths than from Monte Carlo simulations at finite temperature. Using d=2 systems up to size 420², with a minimum of 2 × 10³ realizations at each size, we find very strong evidence for a ln²(L) super-rough state at low temperatures.