TY - JOUR
T1 - Extending the Brick schema to represent metadata of occupants
AU - Luo, Na
AU - Fierro, Gabe
AU - Liu, Yapan
AU - Dong, Bing
AU - Hong, Tianzhen
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is part of the ASHRAE Global Occupant Behavior Database project ( 1883-RP ). LBNL's team is supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 . Syracuse's team is supported by ASHRAE and Syracuse University . Authors benefitted from discussion with researchers of the hardware-in-the-loop projects sponsored by U.S. Department of Energy and stakeholders including the ASHRAE Multidisciplinary Task Group on Occupant Behavior in Buildings (MTG.OBB) and the IEA EBC Annex 79 project: Occupant-centric building design and operations.
Funding Information:
This work is part of the ASHRAE Global Occupant Behavior Database project (1883-RP). LBNL's team is supported by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Building Technologies Office, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Syracuse's team is supported by ASHRAE and Syracuse University. Authors benefitted from discussion with researchers of the hardware-in-the-loop projects sponsored by U.S. Department of Energy and stakeholders including the ASHRAE Multidisciplinary Task Group on Occupant Behavior in Buildings (MTG.OBB) and the IEA EBC Annex 79 project: Occupant-centric building design and operations.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2022/7
Y1 - 2022/7
N2 - Energy-related behaviors of occupants constitute a key factor influencing building performance; accordingly, the measured occupant data can support the objective assessment of the indoor environment and energy performance of buildings, which can inform building design and operational decisions. Existing data schemas focus on metadata of sensors, meters, physical equipment, and IoT devices in buildings; however, they are limited in representing the metadata of occupant data, including occupants' presence in spaces, movement between spaces, interactions with building systems or IoT devices, and preference of indoor environmental needs. To address this gap, an extension to the widely adopted metadata schema, Brick, is proposed to represent the contextual, behavioral, and demographic information of occupants. The proposed extension includes four parts: (1) a new “Occupant” class to represent occupants' demography and energy related behavioral patterns, (2) new subclasses under the Equipment class to represent envelope system and personal thermal comfort devices, (3) new subclasses under the Point class to represent occupant sensing and status, and (4) new auxiliary properties for occupant interactable equipment to represent the level of controllability for each piece of equipment by occupants. The extension is implemented in the Brick schema and has been tested using multiple occupant datasets from the ASHRAE Global Occupant Database. The extension enables Brick schema to capture diverse types of occupant sensing data and their metadata for FAIR data research and applications.
AB - Energy-related behaviors of occupants constitute a key factor influencing building performance; accordingly, the measured occupant data can support the objective assessment of the indoor environment and energy performance of buildings, which can inform building design and operational decisions. Existing data schemas focus on metadata of sensors, meters, physical equipment, and IoT devices in buildings; however, they are limited in representing the metadata of occupant data, including occupants' presence in spaces, movement between spaces, interactions with building systems or IoT devices, and preference of indoor environmental needs. To address this gap, an extension to the widely adopted metadata schema, Brick, is proposed to represent the contextual, behavioral, and demographic information of occupants. The proposed extension includes four parts: (1) a new “Occupant” class to represent occupants' demography and energy related behavioral patterns, (2) new subclasses under the Equipment class to represent envelope system and personal thermal comfort devices, (3) new subclasses under the Point class to represent occupant sensing and status, and (4) new auxiliary properties for occupant interactable equipment to represent the level of controllability for each piece of equipment by occupants. The extension is implemented in the Brick schema and has been tested using multiple occupant datasets from the ASHRAE Global Occupant Database. The extension enables Brick schema to capture diverse types of occupant sensing data and their metadata for FAIR data research and applications.
KW - Brick schema
KW - Data model
KW - Human building interaction
KW - Interoperability
KW - Occupant behavior
KW - Occupant metadata
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U2 - 10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104307
DO - 10.1016/j.autcon.2022.104307
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85129564506
SN - 0926-5805
VL - 139
JO - Automation in Construction
JF - Automation in Construction
M1 - 104307
ER -