TY - JOUR
T1 - Expectancies for Alcohol Analgesia Among Emerging Adults
T2 - Confirmatory Factor Analysis, Reliability, and Validity
AU - Williams, Callon M.
AU - Ganchrow, Danielle M.
AU - Shayya, Ashley D.
AU - LaRowe, Lisa R.
AU - Ditre, Joseph W.
AU - Zale, Emily L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Background: Alcohol and pain frequently co-occur and interact in a positive feedback loop that maintains and exacerbates both conditions. The Expectancies for Alcohol Analgesia (EAA) is a recently developed, single-factor measure that assesses the extent to which individuals expect alcohol will reduce their pain. Alcohol-related outcome expectancies motivate drinking and predict drinking trajectories among emerging adults (18–24). The EAA was initially validated among adults with chronic pain who drink alcohol and has been associated with several indices of pain and alcohol. We are unaware of prior work that examined the psychometric properties of the EAA among emerging adults, who are at high-risk for developing positive expectancies regarding the utility of alcohol for pain management. Objectives: The goal of this study was to examine the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the EAA among emerging adult college students. Methods: Emerging adult college students who endorsed lifetime alcohol use and varying pain levels (N = 555, 74.4% Female, 75.2% White) completed an online survey of pain and alcohol use. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the single-factor structure was a good fit (CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99, SRMR = 0.01, RMSEA = 0.04). Internal consistency was excellent (α =.95), and EAA scores were positively associated with alcohol consumption, alcohol-related consequences, drinking motives, and pain intensity and disability (ps <.01). Conclusion: These findings suggest the EAA is a valid and reliable measure for assessing expectancies for alcohol analgesia among emerging adult college students, which may also be a promising intervention target to include in expectancy challenge interventions.
AB - Background: Alcohol and pain frequently co-occur and interact in a positive feedback loop that maintains and exacerbates both conditions. The Expectancies for Alcohol Analgesia (EAA) is a recently developed, single-factor measure that assesses the extent to which individuals expect alcohol will reduce their pain. Alcohol-related outcome expectancies motivate drinking and predict drinking trajectories among emerging adults (18–24). The EAA was initially validated among adults with chronic pain who drink alcohol and has been associated with several indices of pain and alcohol. We are unaware of prior work that examined the psychometric properties of the EAA among emerging adults, who are at high-risk for developing positive expectancies regarding the utility of alcohol for pain management. Objectives: The goal of this study was to examine the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the EAA among emerging adult college students. Methods: Emerging adult college students who endorsed lifetime alcohol use and varying pain levels (N = 555, 74.4% Female, 75.2% White) completed an online survey of pain and alcohol use. Results: Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the single-factor structure was a good fit (CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99, SRMR = 0.01, RMSEA = 0.04). Internal consistency was excellent (α =.95), and EAA scores were positively associated with alcohol consumption, alcohol-related consequences, drinking motives, and pain intensity and disability (ps <.01). Conclusion: These findings suggest the EAA is a valid and reliable measure for assessing expectancies for alcohol analgesia among emerging adult college students, which may also be a promising intervention target to include in expectancy challenge interventions.
KW - alcohol
KW - emerging adults
KW - expectancies
KW - pain
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85211938036&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1080/10826084.2024.2440366
DO - 10.1080/10826084.2024.2440366
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85211938036
SN - 1082-6084
JO - Substance Use and Misuse
JF - Substance Use and Misuse
ER -