@article{d40507f1ee4545a3b2eecaee289007c7,
title = "Dorsal vagal complex and hypothalamic glia differentially respond to leptin and energy balance dysregulation",
abstract = "Previous studies identify a role for hypothalamic glia in energy balance regulation; however, a narrow hypothalamic focus provides an incomplete understanding of how glia throughout the brain respond to and regulate energy homeostasis. We examined the responses of glia in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) to the adipokine leptin and high fat diet-induced obesity. DVC astrocytes functionally express the leptin receptor; in vivo pharmacological studies suggest that DVC astrocytes partly mediate the anorectic effects of leptin in lean but not diet-induced obese rats. Ex vivo calcium imaging indicated that these changes were related to a lower proportion of leptin-responsive cells in the DVC of obese versus lean animals. Finally, we investigated DVC microglia and astroglia responses to leptin and energy balance dysregulation in vivo: obesity decreased DVC astrogliosis, whereas the absence of leptin signaling in Zucker rats was associated with extensive astrogliosis in the DVC and decreased hypothalamic micro- and astrogliosis. These data uncover a novel functional heterogeneity of astrocytes in different brain nuclei of relevance to leptin signaling and energy balance regulation.",
author = "Stein, {Lauren M.} and Rinzin Lhamo and Anh Cao and Jayme Workinger and Ian Tinsley and Doyle, {Robert P.} and Grill, {Harvey J.} and Hermann, {Gerlinda E.} and Rogers, {Richard C.} and Hayes, {Matthew R.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank David Reiner, Lauren McGrath, Kieran Koch-Laskowski, Rosa Leon, Claudia Liberini, Jack Chen, Alexis Corini, Misgana Ghidewon, Joanna Krawczyk, Celina Nhan, Nina Juntereal, Tyler Ling, Abigail Reed, and Michael Hagan for valuable technical assistance. We thank Ashley Symons for reviewing the manuscript and providing valuable feedback. We thank James Peters, Tito Borner, Samantha Fortin, and Heath Schmidt for valuable discussions. This work was supported by the National Institute of Health Grants DK115762 (MRH), DK118818 (LMS) and DK021397 (HJG/MRH). LMS received funding from The Obesity Society, Early Career Research Fellowship. MRH receives funding from Zealand Pharma, Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly & Co. and Boehringer Ingelheim that was not used in support of these studies. HJG receives funding from Pfizer that was not used in support of these studies. RPD is a scientific advisory board member and received funds from Xeragenx LLC (St. Louis, NY) and Balchem, New Hampton, New York, that were not used in support of these studies. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, The Author(s).",
year = "2020",
month = dec,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/s41398-020-0767-0",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "10",
journal = "Translational Psychiatry",
issn = "2158-3188",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "1",
}