Discriminación de la relación precipitación-tectónica como agentes modeladores del paisaje en los alrededores del Municipio Guayabetal, Cordillera Oriental de Colombia

At the Guayabetal Municipality, on the eastern flank of Colombia's Eastern Cordillera, there have been significant mass removals affecting communication routes (km 58 Bogotá-Villavicencio road). In this zone, significant rates of precipitation and exhumation are observed, which could trigger these phenomena. In the present investigation, the feedbacks between precipitation and tectonics are investigated as controlling processes of the current relief. Existing thermochronological ages were compiled, and a direct 3D thermokinematic model was generated to estimate pulses and exhumation rates. The results of this last one suggests 3 exhumation pulses: the first one between 40 Ma - 25 Ma at an exhumation rate of 0.5 km/Ma, followed by a pulse between 25 Ma - 15 Ma with a rate of 0.1 km/Ma, and finally, from 15 Ma to the present rates of ~2 km/Ma. Additionally, rainfall and seismological data were used to estimate primary and secondary attributes of the terrain, as well as: seismic deformation, seismic energy and seismic uplift. The different variables were statistically compared. It is concluded that the current landscape of the area is not uniformly affected by tectonics and rainfall patterns. In the northwest of the area there are low rates of erosion and tectonic activity, so the evolution of the landscape is more passive, and the relief is controlled by the pattern of precipitation. In contrast, to the southeast, specifically between the Quetame massif and the piedmont plains, the relief is controlled by the tectonics present in the area. The anthropic effect on modifications to the landscape introduced by the creation of a national road, although it is important, was not analyzed in the present research.