Achieving resonance in the Advanced LIGO gravitational-wave interferometer

A. Staley; D. Martynov; R. Abbott; R. X. Adhikari; K. Arai; S. Ballmer; L. Barsotti; A. F. Brooks; R. T. Derosa; S. Dwyer; A. Effler; M. Evans; P. Fritschel; V. V. Frolov; C. Gray; C. J. Guido; R. Gustafson; M. Heintze; D. Hoak; K. Izumi; K. Kawabe; E. J. King; J. S. Kissel; K. Kokeyama; M. Landry; D. E. McClelland; J. Miller; A. Mullavey; B. Oreilly; J. G. Rollins; J. R. Sanders; R. M.S. Schofield; D. Sigg; B. J.J. Slagmolen; N. D. Smith-Lefebvre; G. Vajente; R. L. Ward; C. Wipf

doi:10.1088/0264-9381/31/24/245010

Achieving resonance in the Advanced LIGO gravitational-wave interferometer

A. Staley, D. Martynov, R. Abbott, R. X. Adhikari, K. Arai, S. Ballmer, L. Barsotti, A. F. Brooks, R. T. Derosa, S. Dwyer, A. Effler, M. Evans, P. Fritschel, V. V. Frolov, C. Gray, C. J. Guido, R. Gustafson, M. Heintze, D. Hoak, K. IzumiK. Kawabe, E. J. King, J. S. Kissel, K. Kokeyama, M. Landry, D. E. McClelland, J. Miller, A. Mullavey, B. Oreilly, J. G. Rollins, J. R. Sanders, R. M.S. Schofield, D. Sigg, B. J.J. Slagmolen, N. D. Smith-Lefebvre, G. Vajente, R. L. Ward, C. Wipf

Department of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

38 Scopus citations

Abstract

Interferometric gravitational-wave detectors are complex instruments comprised of a Michelson interferometer enhanced by multiple coupled cavities. Active feedback control is required to operate these instruments and keep the cavities locked on resonance. The optical response is highly nonlinear until a good operating point is reached. The linear operating range is between 0.01% and 1% of a fringe for each degree of freedom. The resonance lock has to be achieved in all five degrees of freedom simultaneously, making the acquisition difficult. Furthermore, the cavity linewidth seen by the laser is only ~1 Hz, which is four orders of magnitude smaller than the linewidth of the free running laser. The arm length stabilization system is a new technique used for arm cavity locking in Advanced LIGO. Together with a modulation technique utilizing third harmonics to lock the central Michelson interferometer, the Advanced LIGO detector has been successfully locked and brought to an operating point where detecting gravitational-waves becomes feasible.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	245010
Journal	Classical and Quantum Gravity
Volume	31
Issue number	24
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/31/24/245010
State	Published - Dec 21 2014

Keywords

Gravitational-wave detector
Interferometer
LIGO

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)

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10.1088/0264-9381/31/24/245010

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Staley, A., Martynov, D., Abbott, R., Adhikari, R. X., Arai, K., Ballmer, S., Barsotti, L., Brooks, A. F., Derosa, R. T., Dwyer, S., Effler, A., Evans, M., Fritschel, P., Frolov, V. V., Gray, C., Guido, C. J., Gustafson, R., Heintze, M., Hoak, D., ... Wipf, C. (2014). Achieving resonance in the Advanced LIGO gravitational-wave interferometer. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 31(24), [245010]. https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/31/24/245010

Achieving resonance in the Advanced LIGO gravitational-wave interferometer. / Staley, A.; Martynov, D.; Abbott, R.; Adhikari, R. X.; Arai, K.; Ballmer, S.; Barsotti, L.; Brooks, A. F.; Derosa, R. T.; Dwyer, S.; Effler, A.; Evans, M.; Fritschel, P.; Frolov, V. V.; Gray, C.; Guido, C. J.; Gustafson, R.; Heintze, M.; Hoak, D.; Izumi, K.; Kawabe, K.; King, E. J.; Kissel, J. S.; Kokeyama, K.; Landry, M.; McClelland, D. E.; Miller, J.; Mullavey, A.; Oreilly, B.; Rollins, J. G.; Sanders, J. R.; Schofield, R. M.S.; Sigg, D.; Slagmolen, B. J.J.; Smith-Lefebvre, N. D.; Vajente, G.; Ward, R. L.; Wipf, C.

In: Classical and Quantum Gravity, Vol. 31, No. 24, 245010, 21.12.2014.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Staley, A, Martynov, D, Abbott, R, Adhikari, RX, Arai, K, Ballmer, S, Barsotti, L, Brooks, AF, Derosa, RT, Dwyer, S, Effler, A, Evans, M, Fritschel, P, Frolov, VV, Gray, C, Guido, CJ, Gustafson, R, Heintze, M, Hoak, D, Izumi, K, Kawabe, K, King, EJ, Kissel, JS, Kokeyama, K, Landry, M, McClelland, DE, Miller, J, Mullavey, A, Oreilly, B, Rollins, JG, Sanders, JR, Schofield, RMS, Sigg, D, Slagmolen, BJJ, Smith-Lefebvre, ND, Vajente, G, Ward, RL & Wipf, C 2014, 'Achieving resonance in the Advanced LIGO gravitational-wave interferometer', Classical and Quantum Gravity, vol. 31, no. 24, 245010. https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/31/24/245010

Staley, A. ; Martynov, D. ; Abbott, R. ; Adhikari, R. X. ; Arai, K. ; Ballmer, S. ; Barsotti, L. ; Brooks, A. F. ; Derosa, R. T. ; Dwyer, S. ; Effler, A. ; Evans, M. ; Fritschel, P. ; Frolov, V. V. ; Gray, C. ; Guido, C. J. ; Gustafson, R. ; Heintze, M. ; Hoak, D. ; Izumi, K. ; Kawabe, K. ; King, E. J. ; Kissel, J. S. ; Kokeyama, K. ; Landry, M. ; McClelland, D. E. ; Miller, J. ; Mullavey, A. ; Oreilly, B. ; Rollins, J. G. ; Sanders, J. R. ; Schofield, R. M.S. ; Sigg, D. ; Slagmolen, B. J.J. ; Smith-Lefebvre, N. D. ; Vajente, G. ; Ward, R. L. ; Wipf, C. / Achieving resonance in the Advanced LIGO gravitational-wave interferometer. In: Classical and Quantum Gravity. 2014 ; Vol. 31, No. 24.

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abstract = "Interferometric gravitational-wave detectors are complex instruments comprised of a Michelson interferometer enhanced by multiple coupled cavities. Active feedback control is required to operate these instruments and keep the cavities locked on resonance. The optical response is highly nonlinear until a good operating point is reached. The linear operating range is between 0.01% and 1% of a fringe for each degree of freedom. The resonance lock has to be achieved in all five degrees of freedom simultaneously, making the acquisition difficult. Furthermore, the cavity linewidth seen by the laser is only ~1 Hz, which is four orders of magnitude smaller than the linewidth of the free running laser. The arm length stabilization system is a new technique used for arm cavity locking in Advanced LIGO. Together with a modulation technique utilizing third harmonics to lock the central Michelson interferometer, the Advanced LIGO detector has been successfully locked and brought to an operating point where detecting gravitational-waves becomes feasible.",

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AU - Ballmer, S.

AU - Barsotti, L.

AU - Brooks, A. F.

AU - Derosa, R. T.

AU - Dwyer, S.

AU - Effler, A.

AU - Evans, M.

AU - Fritschel, P.

AU - Frolov, V. V.

AU - Gray, C.

AU - Guido, C. J.

AU - Gustafson, R.

AU - Heintze, M.

AU - Hoak, D.

AU - Izumi, K.

AU - Kawabe, K.

AU - King, E. J.

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AU - McClelland, D. E.

AU - Miller, J.

AU - Mullavey, A.

AU - Oreilly, B.

AU - Rollins, J. G.

AU - Sanders, J. R.

AU - Schofield, R. M.S.

AU - Sigg, D.

AU - Slagmolen, B. J.J.

AU - Smith-Lefebvre, N. D.

AU - Vajente, G.

AU - Ward, R. L.

AU - Wipf, C.

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