A longitudinal examination of homophobic name-calling in middle school: Bullying, traditional masculinity, and sexual harassment as predictors

Dorothy L. Espelage, Jun Sung Hong, Gabriel J. Merrin, Jordan P. Davis, Chad A. Rose, Todd D. Little

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

59 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: Being a target of homophobic name-calling is associated with adverse outcomes for youth. Few studies have examined homophobic name-calling longitudinally among middle school youth. To address this gap, this longitudinal study examined predictors of changes in homophobic name-calling including bullying, sexual harassment, dismissiveness of sexual harassment, and traditional masculinity over the course of 2 years of middle school. Method: Participants included 1,655 students in 5th-8th grade from 4 public middle schools in the Midwest. The survey assessed demographic characteristics, homophobic name-calling, bullying, sexual harassment, and traditional masculinity across 4 waves of 2 years of data collection. Results: Homophobic name-calling increased over time; however, the rate of acceleration slowed. Higher within-person and between-person bullying was associated with increases in homophobic name-calling, but increases in dismissiveness of sexual harassment and traditional masculinity were not associated with increases in homophobic name-calling. Increases in within-person sexual harassment were associated with contemporaneous increases in homophobic name-calling. Relations between bullying and homophobic name-calling were especially pronounced for those at high levels of dismissiveness of sexual harassment for both within- and between-person models. Conclusion: To effectively address school bullying among early adolescents, it is imperative that antibullying policies and prevention programs work to address homophobic name-calling and dismissiveness of sexual harassment.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)57-66
Number of pages10
JournalPsychology of Violence
Volume8
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - 2018
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Homophobic bullying
  • Homophobic name-calling
  • Sexual harassment
  • Sexual violence
  • Youth violence

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Social Psychology
  • Health(social science)
  • Applied Psychology

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